Covid-19 New

More Info

Open access Aims and Scope Instructions Editorial Guidelines Licensing Copyright

Author's satisfaction with

  • Friendly and hassle-free publication process
  • Less production time of articles
  • Constructive peer-review
  • Enhancing journal reputation
  • Regular feedback system
  • Quick response to authors' queries

Read More

Recently Viewed

Smart Cities and Aging Well: Exploring the Links between Tec Lecture: “First Aid to the Population in Case of Heat and Senile Cataract A Review on Heavy Metals in Ecosystems, Their Sources, Roles Germline BRCA1 Mutation inSquamous Cell Carcinoma of Oesopha

Read More

Most Viewed

Evaluation of Biostimulants Based on Recovered Protein Hydro Sinonasal Myxoma Extending into the Orbit in a 4-Year Old: A Feasibility study of magnetic sensing for detecting single-n Pediatric Dysgerminoma: Unveiling a Rare Ovarian Tumor Physical activity can change the physiological and psycholog

Read More

Open Journals

Clinical Images

For Authors Guide For Authors Benefits For Authors Article Processing Charge How To Write a Scientific Paper How To Write a Review Article Short Communication
For Reviewers Benefits For Reviewers How To Review Thanks To Reviewers
For Editors Benefits For Editors Thanks To Editors

Abstract

Review Article

Regulation of Fear Behavior by Microcircuits within the Mouse Amygdala

Cheng Wei* and Wen Yao*

Published: 10 March, 2025 | Volume 9 - Issue 1 | Pages: 001-009

Background: The amygdala is a core structure in the mammalian brain that processes emotion and memory. Its complex neuronal composition and intricate microcircuit mechanisms play key roles in behaviors such as fear, anxiety, and reward. The diversity of neuronal types and the dynamics of these microcircuits provide the neural foundation for the encoding and extinction of fear memories.
Aim: This is a retrospective review article summarizing recent research on the amygdala and fear behavior in mice, which is of significant importance in helping people to comprehensively understand and recognize that the amygdala is the core regulator of fear behavior.
Methodology: An extensive and systematic search of electronic databases (Medline, PubMed, Web of Science) using keywords related to the amygdala and the technologies involved in the study such as “mouse amygdala,” “basolateral amygdala (BLA),” “central amygdala (CeA),” “fear extinction,” “fear learning,” and “microcircuits.” Articles meeting the selection criteria were included as candidate references.
Results: By integrating recent findings from optogenetics, chemogenetics, and single-cell sequencing, this review reveals the interactions between glutamatergic projection neurons and GABAergic interneurons in the amygdala, the functional division between subnuclei, and the neural basis of cross-brain area coordination. Additionally, it discusses the technical challenges in amygdala research and future directions, providing theoretical support for understanding the pathophysiology of emotional disorders.
Conclusion: The amygdala is intimately linked to emotional health, playing a critical role in understanding the mechanisms underlying the development of psychiatric disorders such as anxiety, depression, addiction, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Despite advances in methodologies such as in vivo calcium imaging, neural circuit tracing, and electrophysiological techniques, which are progressively uncovering the underlying mechanisms of amygdalar regulation of emotional behaviors, the intrinsic microcircuitry of the amygdala remains highly complex. Significant gaps persist, necessitating further exploration and refinement to elucidate unresolved aspects of its functional architecture and behavioral modulation.

Read Full Article HTML DOI: 10.29328/journal.jnnd.1001105 Cite this Article Read Full Article PDF

Keywords:

Basolateral amygdala; Central amygdala; Glutamatergic neurons; GABAergic interneurons; Fear extinction; Microcircuits

References

  1. Ledoux JE. Emotion circuits in the brain. Annu Rev Neurosci. 2000;23:155-184. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.neuro.23.1.155
  2. Krabbe S, Gründemann J, Lüthi A. Amygdala inhibitory circuits regulate associative fear conditioning. Biol Psychiatry. 2018;83(10):800-809. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.10.006
  3. Maren S. Out with the old and in with the new: Synaptic mechanisms of extinction in the amygdala. Brain Res. 2015;1621:231-238. Available from: https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2014-53947-001
  4. Herry C, Ferraguti F, Singewald N, Letzkus JJ, Ehrlich I, Lüthi A. Neuronal circuits of fear extinction. Eur J Neurosci. 2010;31(4):599-612. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2010.07101.x
  5. Barad M, Gean P, Lutz B. The role of the amygdala in the extinction of conditioned fear. Biol Psychiatry. 2006;60(4):322-328. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.05.029
  6. Paré D, Amano T, Unal CT. Synaptic correlates of fear extinction in the amygdala. Nat Neurosci. 2010;13(4):489-494. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.2499
  7. Ehrlich I, Humeau Y, Grenier F, et al. Amygdala inhibitory circuits and the control of fear memory. Neuron. 2009;62(6):757-771. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2009.05.026
  8. Lucas EK, Clem RL. GABAergic interneurons: The orchestra or the conductor in fear learning and memory? Brain Res Bull. 2018;141:13-19. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainresbull.2017.11.016
  9. Duvarci S, Paré D. Amygdala microcircuits controlling learned fear. Neuron. 2014;82(5):966-980. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2014.04.042
  10. Namkung H, Thomas KL, Hall J, Sawa A. Parsing neural circuits of fear learning and extinction across basic and clinical neuroscience: Towards better translation. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2022;134:104502. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.12.025
  11. Warlow SM, Berridge KC. Incentive motivation: ‘Wanting’ roles of central amygdala circuitry. Behav Brain Res. 2021;411:113376. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113376
  12. Hunt S, Sun Y, Kucukdereli H, Sah P. Intrinsic circuits in the lateral central amygdala. eNeuro. 2017;4(1):316-367. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1523/eneuro.0367-16.2017
  13. Vereczki VK, Muller K, Krizsan E, Máté Z, Fekete Z, Rovira-Esteban L, et al. Total number and ratio of GABAergic neuron types in the mouse lateral and basal amygdala. J Neurosci. 2021;41(21):4575-4595. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.2700-20.2021
  14. Yau JO, Chaichim C, Power JM, McNally GP. The roles of basolateral amygdala parvalbumin neurons in fear learning. J Neurosci. 2021;41(44):9223-9234. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.2461-20.2021
  15. Esber GR, Holland PC. The basolateral amygdala is necessary for negative prediction errors to enhance cue salience, but not to produce conditioned inhibition. Eur J Neurosci. 2014;40(9):3328-3337. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.12695
  16. Keifer OJ, Hurt RC, Ressler KJ, Marvar PJ. The physiology of fear: Reconceptualizing the role of the central amygdala in fear learning. Physiol (Bethesda). 2015;30(5):389-401. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1152/physiol.00058.2014
  17. Hagihara KM, Bukalo O, Zeller M, Aksoy-Aksel A, Karalis N, Limoges A, et al. Intercalated amygdala clusters orchestrate a switch in fear state. Nature. 2021;594(7863):403-407. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03593-1
  18. Hájos N. Interneuron types and their circuits in the basolateral amygdala. Front Neural Circuits. 2021;15:687257. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3389/fncir.2021.687257
  19. Polepalli JS, Gooch H, Sah P. Diversity of interneurons in the lateral and basal amygdala. NPJ Sci Learn. 2020;5:10. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-020-0071-z
  20. Liu J, Hu T, Zhang M, Xu CY, Yuan MY, Li RX. Differential efferent projections of GABAergic neurons in the basolateral and central nucleus of amygdala in mice. Neurosci Lett. 2021;745:135621. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135621
  21. Sun Y, Gooch H, Sah P. Fear conditioning and the basolateral amygdala [version 1; peer review: awaiting peer review]. F1000Research. 2020;9:53. Available from: https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.21201.1
  22. Servonnet A, Hernandez G, El Hage C, Rompré PP, Samaha AN. Optogenetic activation of the basolateral amygdala promotes both appetitive conditioning and the instrumental pursuit of reward cues. J Neurosci. 2020;40(8):1732-1743. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.2196-19.2020
  23. Zhang X, Kim J, Tonegawa S. Amygdala reward neurons form and store fear extinction memory. Neuron. 2020;105(6):1077-1093. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2019.12.025
  24. Choi K, Park K, Lee S, Yi JH, Woo C, Kang SJ, et al. Auditory fear conditioning facilitates neurotransmitter release at lateral amygdala to basal amygdala synapses. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2021;584:39-45. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.11.014
  25. Spampanato J, Polepalli J, Sah P. Interneurons in the basolateral amygdala. Neuropharmacology. 2011;60(5):765-773. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2010.11.006
  26. Wolff SB, Grundemann J, Tovote P, Krabbe S, Jacobson GA, Müller C, et al. Amygdala interneuron subtypes control fear learning through disinhibition. Nature. 2014;509(7501):453-458. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/nature13258
  27. McDonald AJ, Zaric V. Extrinsic origins of the somatostatin and neuropeptide Y innervation of the rat basolateral amygdala. Neuroscience. 2015;294:82-100. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.03.004
  28. Zimmerman JM, Maren S. NMDA receptor antagonism in the basolateral but not central amygdala blocks the extinction of Pavlovian fear conditioning in rats. Eur J Neurosci. 2010;31(9):1664-1670. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2010.07223.x
  29. Morrison DJ, Rashid AJ, Yiu AP, Yan C, Frankland PW, Josselyn SA. Parvalbumin interneurons constrain the size of the lateral amygdala engram. Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2016;135:91-99. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nlm.2016.07.007
  30. Ciocchi S, Herry C, Grenier F, et al. Encoding of conditioned fear in central amygdala inhibitory circuits. Nature. 2010;468(7321):277-282. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09559
  31. Duvarci S, Popa D, Paré D. Central amygdala activity during fear conditioning. J Neurosci. 2011;31(1):289-294. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.4985-10.2011
  32. Watabe AM, Ochiai T, Nagase M, Takahashi Y, Sato M, Kato F. Synaptic potentiation in the nociceptive amygdala following fear learning in mice. Mol Brain. 2013;6:11. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-6606-6-11
  33. Yu K, Ahrens S, Zhang X, Schiff H, Ramakrishnan C, Fenno L, et al. The central amygdala controls learning in the lateral amygdala. Nat Neurosci. 2017;20(12):1680-1685. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-017-0009-9
  34. Jo YS, Namboodiri VMK, Stuber GD, Zweifel LS. Persistent activation of central amygdala CRF neurons helps drive the immediate fear extinction deficit. Nat Commun. 2020;11(1):422. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-14393-y
  35. Yang T, Yu K, Zhang X, et al. Plastic and stimulus-specific coding of salient events in the central amygdala. Nature. 2023;616(7957):510-519. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-05910-2
  36. Hartley ND, Gaulden AD, Báldi R, Winters ND, Salimando GJ, Rosas-Vidal LE, et al. Dynamic remodeling of a basolateral-to-central amygdala glutamatergic circuit across fear states. Nat Neurosci. 2019;22(12):2000-2012. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-019-0528-7
  37. Whittle N, Fadok J, Macpherson KP, Nguyen R, Botta P, Wolff SBE, et al. Central amygdala micro-circuits mediate fear extinction. Nat Commun. 2021;12(1):4156. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-24068-x
  38. Adke AP, Khan A, Ahn HS, Becker JJ, Wilson TD, Valdivia S, et al. Cell-Type Specificity of Neuronal Excitability and Morphology in the Central Amygdala. eNeuro. 2021;8(1). Available from: https://doi.org/10.1523/eneuro.0402-20.2020
  39. Ressler RL, Maren S. Synaptic encoding of fear memories in the amygdala. Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2019;54:54-59. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conb.2018.08.012
  40. Ressler RL, Goode TD, Evemy C, Maren S. NMDA receptors in the CeA and BNST differentially regulate fear conditioning to predictable and unpredictable threats. Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2020;174:107281. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nlm.2020.107281
  41. Giovanniello J, Yu K, Furlan A, Nachtrab GT, Sharma R, Chen X, Li B. A Central Amygdala-Globus Pallidus Circuit Conveys Unconditioned Stimulus-Related Information and Controls Fear Learning. J Neurosci. 2020;40(47):9043-9054. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.2090-20.2020
  42. Penzo MA, Robert V, Tucciarone J, De Bundel D, Wang M, Van Aelst L, et al. The paraventricular thalamus controls a central amygdala fear circuit. Nature. 2015;519(7544):455-459. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/nature13978
  43. McCullough KM, Chatzinakos C, Hartmann J, Missig G, Neve RL, Fenster RJ, et al. Genome-wide translational profiling of amygdala Crh-expressing neurons reveals role for CREB in fear extinction learning. Nat Commun. 2020;11(1):5180. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18985-6
  44. Kim J, Zhang X, Muralidhar S, LeBlanc SA, Tonegawa S. Basolateral to Central Amygdala Neural Circuits for Appetitive Behaviors. Neuron. 2017;93(6):1464-1479. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2017.02.034
  45. Douglass AM, Kucukdereli H, Ponserre M, Markovic M, Gründemann J, Strobel C, et al. Central amygdala circuits modulate food consumption through a positive-valence mechanism. Nat Neurosci. 2017;20(10):1384-1394. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.4623
  46. Yu K, Garcia Da Silva P, Albeanu DF, Li B. Central Amygdala Somatostatin Neurons Gate Passive and Active Defensive Behaviors. J Neurosci. 2016;36(24):6488-6496. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.4419-15.2016
  47. Asede D, Bosch D, Lüthi A, Ferraguti F, Ehrlich I. Sensory Inputs to Intercalated Cells Provide Fear-Learning Modulated Inhibition to the Basolateral Amygdala. Neuron. 2015;86(2):541-554. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2015.03.008
  48. Likhtik E, Popa D, Apergis-Schoute J, Fidacaro GA, Paré D. Amygdala intercalated neurons are required for expression of fear extinction. Nature. 2008;454(7204):642-645. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/nature07167
  49. Asede D, Doddapaneni D, Bolton MM. Amygdala Intercalated Cells: Gate Keepers and Conveyors of Internal State to the Circuits of Emotion. J Neurosci. 2022;42(49):9098-9109. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.1176-22.2022
  50. Tovote P, Fadok JP, Lüthi A. Neuronal circuits for fear and anxiety. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2015;16(6):317-331. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn3945
  51. Choi DI, Kim J, Lee H, Kim JI, Sung Y, Choi JE, et al. Synaptic correlates of associative fear memory in the lateral amygdala. Neuron. 2021;109(17):2717-2726. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2021.07.003
  52. Bocchio M, Nabavi S, Capogna M. Synaptic Plasticity, Engrams, and Network Oscillations in Amygdala Circuits for Storage and Retrieval of Emotional Memories. Neuron. 2017;94(4):731-743. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2017.03.022
  53. Kasugai Y, Vogel E, Hörtnagl H, Schönherr S, Paradiso E, Hauschild M, et al. Structural and Functional Remodeling of Amygdala GABAergic Synapses in Associative Fear Learning. Neuron. 2019;104(4):781-794. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2019.08.013
  54. Izquierdo I, Furini CRG, Myskiw JC. Fear Memory. Physiol Rev. 2016;96(2):695-750. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00018.2015
  55. Butler CW, Wilson YM, Mills SA, Gunnersen JM, Murphy M. Evidence that a defined population of neurons in lateral amygdala is directly involved in auditory fear learning and memory. Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2020;168:107139. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nlm.2019.107139
  56. Perumal MB, Sah P. Inhibitory Circuits in the Basolateral Amygdala in Aversive Learning and Memory. Front Neural Circuits. 2021;15:633235. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3389/fncir.2021.633235
  57. Ogden KK, Khatri A, Traynelis SF, Heldt SA. Potentiation of GluN2C/D NMDA Receptor Subtypes in the Amygdala Facilitates the Retention of Fear and Extinction Learning in Mice. Neuropsychopharmacology (New York, N.Y.). 2014;39(3):625-637. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/npp.2013.241
  58. Courtin J, Bitterman Y, Müller S, Hinz J, Hinz J. A neuronal mechanism for motivational control of behavior. Science (New York, N.Y.). 2022;375(6576):eabg7277.378-389. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abg7277
  59. Chen APF, Chen L, Shi KW, Cheng E, Ge S, Xiong Q. Nigrostriatal dopamine modulates the striatal-amygdala pathway in auditory fear conditioning. Nat Commun. 2023;14(1):7231. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-43066-9
  60. Botta P, Fushiki A, Vicente AM, Hammond LA, Mosberger AC. An Amygdala Circuit Mediates Experience-Dependent Momentary Arrests during Exploration. Cell. 2020;183(3):605-619.e22. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.09.023
  61. Choi J, Lee YB, So D, So D, Kim JY. Cortical representations of affective pain shape empathic fear in male mice. Nat Commun. 2025. Available from: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-57230-w
  62. Jimenez JC, Su K, Goldberg AR, Luna VM, Biane JS. Anxiety Cells in a Hippocampal-Hypothalamic Circuit. Neuron. 2018;97(3):670-683.e6. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2018.01.016
  63. Dalmay T, Abs E, Poorthuis RB, Hartung J, Pu DL. A Critical Role for Neocortical Processing of Threat Memory. Neuron. 2019;104(6):1180-1194.e7. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2019.09.025
  64. Shi Y, Wu X, Zhou J, Cui W, Wang J. Single-Nucleus RNA Sequencing Reveals that Decorin Expression in the Amygdala Regulates Perineuronal Nets Expression and Fear Conditioning Response after Traumatic Brain Injury. Adv Sci (Weinh). 2022;9(7):e2104112. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202104112
  65. Li M, Yang X-K, Yang J, Li T-X, Cui C. Ketamine ameliorates post-traumatic social avoidance by erasing the traumatic memory encoded in VTA-innervated BLA engram cells. Neuron. 2024. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2024.06.026
  66. Bourhy L, Bourhy L, Bourhy L, Mazeraud A, Mazeraud A. Silencing of amygdala circuits during sepsis prevents the development of anxiety-related behaviours. Brain. 2022. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awab475
  67. Avolio E, Alo R, Mele M, Carelli A, Canonaco A, Bucarelli L, et al. Amygdalar excitatory/inhibitory circuits interacting with orexinergic neurons influence differentially feeding behaviors in hamsters. Behav Brain Res. 2012;234(1):91-99. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2012.06.013
  68. Kim J, Pignatelli M, Xu S, et al. Antagonistic negative and positive neurons of the basolateral amygdala. Nat Neurosci. 2016;19(12):1636-1646. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.4414
  69. Singh S, Topolnik L. Inhibitory circuits in fear memory and fear-related disorders. Front Neural Circuits. 2023;17:1122314. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3389/fncir.2023.1122314
  70. Heinrichs SC, Leite-Morris KA, Guy MD, Goldberg LR, Young AJ, Kaplan GB. Dendritic structural plasticity in the basolateral amygdala after fear conditioning and its extinction in mice. Behav Brain Res. 2013;248:80-84. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2013.03.048
  71. Kwon OB, Lee JH, Kim HJ, Lee S, Lee S, Jeong MJ, et al. Dopamine Regulation of Amygdala Inhibitory Circuits for Expression of Learned Fear. Neuron. 2015;88(2):378-389. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2015.09.001

Figures:

Figure 1

Figure 1

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 1

Figure 3

Figure 1

Figure 4

Similar Articles

Recently Viewed

Read More

Most Viewed

Read More

Contact

Editorial Office Emails:

[email protected]

[email protected]

[email protected]

Select by Volume & Issue

Submit Manuscript Information for Authors Advisory Board Rss Feed Articles Rss Feed

Most Viewed Keywords

University/Institution

Select and search by University/Institution.

Articles by Country

Select and search by country to get related articles.

Testmonials

I would like to thank JPRA for taking this decision. I understand the effort it represents for you. I'm truly happy to have the paper published in JPRA. And I'll certainly consider JPRA for my next publications as I was satisfied of the service provided, the efficiency and promptness of the interactions we had.

Emmanuel BUSATO

Publishing with the International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology was a rewarding experience as review process was thorough and brisk. Their visibility online is second to none as their published articles appear in all search engines. I will encourage researchers to publish with them.

Elizabeth Awoyesuku

“The choice to submit the forensic case study to the Journal of Addiction Therapy and Research was dictated by the match between the content and the potential readership. The publication process proved to be expedient and we were provided with constructive feedback from reviewers. The final article layout is attractive and conforms to standards. All-in-all, it has been a rewarding process.”

Elisabeth H Wiig

Archives of Vascular Medicine is one of the top class journal for vascular medicine with highly interesting topics. You did a professional and great Job!

Elias Noory

Thank you very much. I think the review process and all of what concerns the administration of the publication concerning our paper has been excellent. The nice and quick answers have been very good I think.

Doris Nilsson

Journal of Pulmonary and Respiratory Research is good journal for respiratory research purposes. It takes 2-3 weeks maximum for review of the manuscript to get published and any corrections to be made in the manuscript. It needs good articles and studies to get publish in the respiratory medicine. I am really glad that this journal editors helped me to get my case report published.

Divya Khanduja

Thanks you and your colleague for the great help for our publication. You always provide prompt responses and high quality of service. I am so happy to have you working with me. Thanks again!

Diana (Ding) Dai

Service and process were excellent as was the “look” of the article when published.

Deane Waldman

Great, thank you! It was very efficient working w/ your group. Very thorough reviews (i.e., plagiarism, peer, etc.). Would certainly recommend that future authors consider working w/ your group.

David W Brett

Your services are very good

Chukwuka Ireju Onyinye

I very much appreciate the humanitarian services provided in my stead by this journal/publisher. It exhibits total absence of editorial impertinence. As an Author, I have been guided to have a fruitful experience. The editorial care is highly commendable.

Chrysanthus Chukwuma

"An amazing experience with the Journal of Advanced Pediatrics and Child Health. Very fast blind review with pertinent corrections and suggestions. I highly recommand both the journal and the editor."

Chaimae Khairoun

The submission is very easy and the time from submission to response from the reviewers is short. Correspondence with the journal is nice and rapid.

Catrin Henriksson

The Clinical Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology is an open access journal focused on scientific knowledge publication with emphasis laid on the fields of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Their services toward us have been encouraging through their kindness and respect. Great consideration has been given to us as young budding researchers and we are very grateful for this.

Carole Assontsa

During the process your positive communication, prompt feedback and professional approach is very highly appreciated. We would like to thank you very much for your support.

Can Vuran

I do appreciate for your service including submission, analysis, review, editorial and publishing process. I believe these esteemed journal enlighten the science with its high-quality personel.

Bora Uysal

I am very much pleased with the fast track publication by your reputed journal's editorial team. It is really helpful for researchers like me from developing nations. I strongly recommend your journal for publication.

Badri Kumar Gupta

It has been a fabulous journey writing articles for your journal because of the encouragement you people provide for writers from developing nations like India. Kindly continue the same. Looking forward for a long term association.

Badareesh Lakshminarayana

Many thanks for publishing my article in your great journal and the friendly and hassle-free publication process, the constructive peer-review, the regular feedback system, and the Quick response to any queries.

Azab Elsayed Azab

I would like to thank this journal for publishing my Research Article. Something I really appreciate about this journal is, they did not take much time from the day of Submission to the publishing date. Looking forward to have more publications in future.

Ayush Chandra

Submission of paper was smooth, the review process was fast. I had excellent communication and on time response from the editor.

Ayokunle Dada

Your service is very good and fast reply, also your service understand our situation and support us to publication our articles.

Ayman M Abu Mustafa

Really good service with prompt response. Looking forward to having long lasting relationship with your journal

Avishek Bagchi

Your service is excellent. Processing and editing were very fast. I hope to publish more of my works in your journal.

Ausraful Islam

I wanna to thank Clinical Journal of Nursing Care and Practice for its effort to review and publish my manuscript. This is reputable journal. Thank you!

Atsedemariam Andualem

“It was a delightful experience publishing my manuscript with the Clinical Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. They offered me lots of opportunities I never had from most publishing houses and their prompt services are greatly appreciated.”

Asafo Jones

I hope to ability to make some new investigation and publish in Your Company in future.

Artur Stopyra

I like the quality of the print & overall service. The paper looks quite impressive. Hope this will attract interested readers. All of you have our best wishes for continued success.

Arshad Khan

Your big support from researchers around the world is the best appreciation from your scientific teams. We believe that there should be no barrier in science and you make it real and this motto come true.

Arefhosseinir Rafi

Your journal co-operation is very appreciable and motivational. I am really thankful to your journal and team members for the motivation and collaboration to publish my work.

Assistant Professor, UCLAS Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India

Archna Dhasmana

I am glad to submit the article to Heighten Science Publications as it has a very smooth and fast peer-review process, which enables the researchers to communicate their work on time.

Anupam M

This is to specify that I have had an extensive and detailed interaction with the Editorial team of Annals of Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, USA, lasting over a significant period of time. My interaction has been extremely pleasant, especially with Ms Allie Smith, as I find the communication quite inspiring and crystal clear. The attitude of aforesaid individuals is quite helpful and guiding in pertinent instances. It has been a commemorative journey so far working with the Journal and I hope that the symbiosis will continue, evolve and flourish in the forthcoming years. I wish the journal, related personnel and aforementioned individuals a fruitful, successful run.

New Delhi, India

Anubha Bajaj

We appreciate the fact that you decided to give us full waiver for the applicable charges and approve the final version. You did an excellent job preparing the PDF version. Of course we will consider your magazine for our future submissions and we will pay the applicable fees then.

Anna Dionysopoulou

''Co-operation of Archives of Surgery and Clinical Research journal is appreciable. I'm impressed at the promptness of the publishing staff and the professionalism displayed. Thank you very much for your support, help and encouragement.''

Anıl Gokce

Congratulations for the excellence of your journal and high quality of its publications.

Angel MARTIN CASTELLANOS

The service from the journal staff has been excellent.

Andy Smith

I was very pleased with the quick editorial process. We are sure that our paper will have great visibility, among other things due to its open access. We believe in science accessible to all.

Anderson Fernando de Souza

It was a great experience publishing through JCICM. The article has reached out to several institutions. Appreciate your professional work. Hope to work with you again

Anas Wardeh

Publishing an article is a long process, but working with your publication department made things go smoothly, even though the process took exactly 5 months from the time of submitting the article till the time I have favourable response, the missing part is the peer review details, which is essential in self auditing and future improvement, overall experience was excellent giving your understanding of the situation of lack of financial institution support.

Anas Diab

I think that Heighpubs very good. You are very helpful. Thank you for everything.

Ana Ribeiro

Regarding to be services, we note that are work with high standards of professionalism translated into quick response, efficiency which makes communication accessible. Furthermore, I believe to be much inviting for the submission of future works for publication purposes.

Amélia João Alice Nkutxi

I would like to mention that I had a wonderful experience working with HSPI. The whole process right from manuscript submission to peer review till the publication of the article was very prompt & efficient. I wish you good luck for the future.

Amarjeet Gambhir

Once I submitted the manuscript, the response time of the reviewers was very fast. The fine-tuning of the galley proof was likewise prompt. I believe the journal provide a valuable outlet to disseminate physical rehabilitation scientific knowledge to the clinical community. Respectfully. Dr. Alon

Alon

We really appreciate and thanks the full waiver you provide for our article. We happy to publish our paper in your journal. Thank you very much for your good support and services.

Ali Abusafia

It was a real pleasure working with your team. The review was done fast, and it was very clear, the editing was flawless, the article was published quickly compared to other journals, and everyone was understanding and helpful. I will gladly recommend this journal to my acquaintances in academia.

Alexandra Cozma

To the editorial team at HSPI and the Journal of Clinical Nephrology: Thank you so much for your hard work and collaboration in bringing our article to life. Your staff was responsive, flexible, and communicative and made the process smooth and easy. Thank you!

Alejandro Munoz

Dear colleagues! I am satisfied with our cooperation with you. Your service is at a high level. I hope for a future relationship. Let me know if I can get a paper version of the magazine with my articles from you. I see them on the Internet.

Aksenov V.V

"This is my first time publishing with the journal/publisher. I am impressed at the promptness of the publishing staff and the professionalism displayed. Thank you for encouraging young researchers like me!"

Ajite Kayode

I want to thank you for our collaboration. You were fast and effective with a positive spirit of teamwork. I am truly excited from our collaboration. You were like always fast, efficient and accurate. I hope that in the near future we will collaborate again.

Aikaterini Solomou

In my opinion, you provide a very fast and practical service.

Ahmet Eroglu

Great, We are too comfortable with the process including the peer review process and quality. But, the journal should be indexed in different databases such scopus.

Afework Edmealem

We really appreciate your efforts towards our article, the professional way you handle our request for exemption from charges. It was a great honor for us to publish in your magazine.

Achraf elbakkaly

I really liked the ease of submitting my manuscript in the HSPI journal. Further, the peer review was timely completed and I was communicated the final decision on my manuscript within 10 days of submission which is really appreciable. I strongly recommend all the scientists and researchers to submit their work in this journal”

Abu Bashar

My candid opinion is that the service you render is second to none. My favourite part is the prompt response to issue, really i value that.

Abiodun Akanbi Adeogun

Thank you very much for accepting our manuscript in your journal “International Journal of Clinical Virology”. We are very thankful to the esteemed team for timely response and quick review process. The editorial team of International Journal of Clinical Virology is too cooperative and well-mannered during the publication process. We are hopeful to publish many quality papers in your journal and I suggest the International Journal of Clinical Virology to all of my colleagues, researchers and friends to publish their research here.

Abdul Baset

I, Muhammad Sarwar Khan, am serving as Editor on Archives of Biotechnology and Biomedicine (ABB). I submitted an editorial titled, 'Edible vaccines to combat Infectious Bursal Disease of poultry' for publication in ABB. After submitting the manuscript; the services rendered by the management and technical personnel to handle and process the manuscript were marvelous. Plagiarism report was shared with me with complements before reviewers' comments, All steps including article processing and service charges were well taken care of keeping in view the author's interest/preference. All together, it was an encouraging and wonderful experience working with ABB personnel.

University of Agriculture, Pakistan

Muhammad Sarwar Khan

Your journal has accomplished its intended mission of providing very effective and efficient goals in dealing with submissions, conducting the reviewing process and in publishing accepted manuscripts in a timely manner. Keep up the great work and services that you provide.

University of Jacqmar, Inc., USA

John St. Cyr

I am to express my view that Heighten Science Publications are reliable quick even after peer review process. I hope and wish the publications will go a long way in disseminating science to many interested in scientific research.

College of Fisheries, CAU(I), Tripura, India

Ajit Kumar Roy

The Journal Clinical Nephrology provides a good opportunity for readers to stay updated in the field of clinical nephrology. Additionally - it provides a good opportunity for authors to publish their work. 1. Publication of the accepted manuscripts is sufficiently rapid. 2. The trust factor between the journal and me, as an author, is very important and well preserved. 3. Peer review process very rapid and effective.

Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Israel

Leonid Feldman

In 2017, I submitted a manuscript to the journal Archives of Biotechnology and Biomedicine belonging to Heighten Science Publications Corporation. Within one week I already received the response from the editor. All processing steps were really fast so in terms of a speedy publication I can particularly recommend the journal Archives of Biotechnology and Biomedicine. The responsible contact person of the journal was always available, which gives a trustworthy impression to the author. Also the peer review process was clear and constructive. So from my experience with Heighten Science Publications Corporation I can recommend publishing there.

University of Tubingen, Germany

Yvonne Mast

We thank to the heighten science family, who speed up the publication of our article and provide every support.

Mehmet Besir

The services of the journal were excellent. The most important thing for an author is the speed of the peer review which was really fast here. They returned in a few days and immediately replied all of my questions. I want to refer this platform to all scholars. Many thanks.

Eastern Mediterranean University, Cyprus

Zehra Guchan TOPCU

Thank you for your attitude and support. I am sincerely grateful to you and the entire staff of the magazine for the high professionalism and fast quality work. Thank you very much!

USA

Igor Klepikov

Thank you and your company for effective support of authors which are very much dependable on the funds gambling for science in the different countries of our huge and unpredictable world. We are doing our work and should rely on a teams like Galley Proof-HSPC. Great success to all of you for the 2019th! Be well all the year long.

Russia

Victor V Apollonov

The editorial process was quickly done. The galley proof was sent within a week after being accepted for publication. The editorial team was very helpful and responded promptly.

India

Rohit Kulshrestha

Publishing with the International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology was a rewarding experience as review process was thorough and brisk. Their visibility online is second to none as their published articles appear in all search engines. I will encourage researchers to publish with them.

University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Nigeria

Dr. Elizabeth A Awoyesuku

"It was a pleasure to work with the editorial team of the journal on the submission of the manuscript. The team was professional, fast, and to the point".

NC A&T State University, USA

Moran Sciamama-Saghiv

Submission of paper was smooth, the review process was fast. I had excellent communication and on time response from the editor.

Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria

Ayokunle Dada

I am delighted and satisfied with. Heighten Science Publications as my manuscript was thoroughly assessed and published on time without delay. Keep up the good work.

Ido-Ekiti/Afe Babalola University, Nigeria

Dr. Shuaib Kayode Aremu

"This is my first time publishing with the journal/publisher. I am impressed at the promptness of the publishing staff and the professionalism displayed. Thank you for encouraging young researchers like me!"

Ekiti State University, Nigeria

Adebukola Ajite

I wanna to thank clinical journal of nursing care and practice for its effort to review and publish my manuscript. This is reputable journal. Thank you!

Wollo University, Ethiopia

Atsedemariam Andualem

We appreciate your approach to scholars and will encourage you to collaborate with your organization, which includes interesting and different medical journals. With the best wishes of success, creativity and joy in life, prosperity in the medical field.

Ivano- Frankivsk National Medical University, Ukraine

Nataliya Kitsera

Thank you very much for your support and encouragement. I am truly impressed by your tolerance and support. Thank you very much

Diaverum: PADC, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Nasrulla Abutaleb

You are such a nice person. Your journal co-operation is very appreciable and motivational.

Department of Biotechnology, Uttaranchal college of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India

Archna Dhasmana

“Mobile apps and wearable technology are becoming ubiquitous in our environment. Their integration with healthcare delivery is just beginning to take shape. The early results are promising and the possibilities great."

BS, PharmD., MBA, CPHIMS, FHIMSS, Adjunct Professor, Global Healthcare Management, MCPHS University, Chief Strategy Offi cer, MedicaSoft, Senior Advisor, National Health IT (NHIT) Collaborative for Underserved, New York HIMSS, National Liaison, Health 2.0 Boston, Past Chair, Chair Innovation, USA

Helen Figge

“The choice to submit the forensic case study to the Journal of Addiction Therapy and Research was dictated by the match between the content and the potential readership. The publication process proved to be expedient and we were provided with constructive feedback from reviewers. The final article layout is attractive and conforms to standards. All-in-all, it has been a rewarding process.”

Ph.D, Boston University Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders and Knowledge Research Institute, Inc., 2131 Reflection Bay Drive, Arlington, Texas 76013, USA

Elisabeth H. Wiig

The service is nice and the time of processing the application is fast.

Department of Neurosurgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong

Long Ching

Your service is very good and fast reply, Also your service understand our situation and support us to publication our articles.

Palestine College of Nursing, Khan Younis, Gaza Strip, Palestine

Ayman M Abu Mustafa

“It was a delightful experience publishing my manuscript with the Clinical Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. They offered me lots of opportunities I never had from most publishing houses and their prompt services are greatly appreciated.”

Department of Agricultural Economics, Agribusiness and Extension, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana

Akowuah Jones Asafo

View More

Related Journals

Help ?